Does Economic Globalization Shape the International Tourism Structure? A Cross-National Panel Data Estimation

Economic globalization, the primary mechanism of globalization, has driven the flourishing of international tourism. However, little research has empirically revealed how it affects international tourism from a structural perspective. Based on network theory, this study applies network analysis and fixed-effects panel data estimation techniques to examine the impact of economic globalization on the structure of international tourism and the moderating role of uncertainty avoidance as an inertia factor in this relationship. The statistics are derived from panel data for 47 countries from 1995 to 2018. The empirical results indicate that there is a positive relationship between economic globalization and countries' network prominence in both outbound and inbound tourism, and the effects vary under different degrees of uncertainty avoidance. This study offers insights and practical implications for policymakers, tourism marketers, and transnational tourism corporations to formulate tourism recovery strategies against the de-globalization caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Travel Research is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Residents' participation in rural tourism and interpersonal trust in tourists: The mediating role of residents' perceptions of tourism impacts

Interpersonal trust is a critical psychological factor that reveals the quality of resident-tourist relationship in tourism destinations. However, residents' positive attitudes toward tourists are gradually taken for granted, with research on residents' psychological tendency (i.e., interpersonal trust) in providing tourism services and creating mutually beneficial resident-tourist interaction lagging behind. Based on interpersonal relationship theory and social exchange theory, this study employed a sequential mixed-methods design to examine the formation of interpersonal trust in tourists during resident participation in rural tourism. The dimensions of resident participation (i.e., decision-making, economic, and social participation) and the conceptual model were first identified through qualitative analysis. Subsequently, through the PLS-based structural equation modeling using a sample of 469 residents from Jiuzhai Valley, China, the study suggested that economic and social participation were instrumental in shaping residents' cognitive and affective trust in tourists both directly and indirectly through residents' perceived benefits of tourism. This study offers implications for academia and destination management to promote sustainable tourism development and social harmony against the crisis of trust between residents and tourists caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Does Economic Globalization Shape the International Tourism Structure? A Cross-National Panel Data Estimation

Economic globalization, the primary mechanism of globalization, has driven the flourishing of international tourism. However, little research has empirically revealed how it affects international tourism from a structural perspective. Based on network theory, this study applies network analysis and fixed-effects panel data estimation techniques to examine the impact of economic globalization on the structure of international tourism and the moderating role of uncertainty avoidance as an inertia factor in this relationship. The statistics are derived from panel data for 47 countries from 1995 to 2018. The empirical results indicate that there is a positive relationship between economic globalization and countries' network prominence in both outbound and inbound tourism, and the effects vary under different degrees of uncertainty avoidance. This study offers insights and practical implications for policymakers, tourism marketers, and transnational tourism corporations to formulate tourism recovery strategies against the de-globalization caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Serum Vitamin D Levels in People Under Age 18 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic the implementation of a range of measures to suppress transmission, such as social distancing and home confinement resulted in limited sunlight exposure and physical inactivity in people under age 18 years, which can elevate the risk of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. The aim of this study was to systemically evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on serum vitamin D levels in people under age 18 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS Following the PRISMA recommendations, we searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Database for trials from inception to November 3, 2021. All trials assessing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on serum vitamin D levels in people under age 18 years were included and analyzed. Mean differences (MDs) of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) levels before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were calculated and pooled using a random-effects model. Risk differences were used to assess changes in the proportions of people under age 18 years with vitamin D deficiency. RESULTS Our analysis included 5 studies comprising 4141 people under age 18 years. The combined result MD of serum 25(OH)D levels before and during the COVID-19 pandemic as 3.28 ng/mL, 95% CI=0.95-5.62 ng/mL, P<0.01] indicated serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower during the COVID-19 pandemic. The decreased serum 25(OH)D level was not observed among infants (age under 1 year) (P=0.28). CONCLUSIONS During the COVID-19 pandemic, the serum vitamin D levels of people under age 18 years were significantly lower and vitamin D supplementation for people under age 18 years might reduce the risk of COVID-19. More research is needed to validate the present findings.

COVID-19: management focus of reopened tourist destinations. (Special Issue: COVID-19 and tourism.)

Reopen major tourist destinations is one of the significant recovery initiatives for the tourism industry after the outbreak of crises. However, few studies have focused on management measures during the reopening of tourist destinations. In this regard, this study adopts the co-word analysis to map the topics of 273 notices of the reopened national 5A scenic areas in China. The key themes are identified including (i) prevention measures, (ii) business scope, (iii) rules for tourists and (iv) preferential measures. Moreover, the management focus varies between natural and cultural destinations. This study provides suggestions for research on epidemic-induced crisis management in tourism.

Inbound tourism – a bibliometric review of SSCI articles (1993–2021)

PurposeThis study aims to present a holistic synopsis of the current scientific structure of inbound tourism research and suggest further research directions.Design/methodology/approachA 30-year bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection database through CiteSpace, covering 568 Social Sciences Citation Index articles.FindingsThis study systematically identifies the evolution of scientific structures and emerging research trends in the inbound tourism field. The findings show that: co-authorship patterns reveal a trend of international cooperation;the evolution of research themes is consistent with the development of the macro-environment and inbound tourism industry, the most recent focus being on sustainable development of destinations;varied multivariate data analysis methods dominate current empirical analysis;there exist three major research dimensions in the inbound tourism field;and unilateral political factors in destinations and bilateral linkage factors affecting inbound tourism demand have aroused research interest increasingly.Practical implicationsThis study helps scholars and practitioners understand the current issues and needs of the inbound tourism industry and develops a future research agenda to promote the industry’s continuous development.Originality/valueThis study is the first attempt to provide insights into the theoretical development of inbound tourism over the past three decades from the perspective of a knowledge-based platform and further facilitate sustainable development of the industry.

What is the policy focus for tourism recovery after the outbreak of COVID-19? A co-word analysis. (Special Issue: COVID-19 and tourism.)

Policies for tourism recovery are highly instrumental in achieving tourism development after the outbreak of COVID-19. To understand these policies, this study performed the co-word analysis to map the topics of 140 recovery policies for tourism in China. Four core themes are identified in these policies, namely (i) prophylactic measures, (ii) tourism recovery and development, (iii) policy support, and (iv) departmental management. Moreover, the focus of policy measures varies by region within China. This study provides insights into further research on health-related crises and crisis recovery management in tourism, especially for developing countries and regions.